The biodiesel process used at rit was tailored for the residential cooking oil which tends to be high in water content. The acid value is measured for the two types of oil, viscosity and density. The production of biodiesel from waste vegetable oil offers a triplefacet solution. The shell contained caco 3 which was converted to cao after calcination at temperatures 800c for 4 h and cao was acknowledged as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of waste cooking oil. Among the alternatives as a vegetal raw material to extract the oil are. A recent report international grains council 2008 indicated that rapeseed oil was the predominant feedstock for worldwide biodiesel production in 2007 48%, 4. The main generators of these residuals they are the industries of fritters, and establishments of preparation of quick food.
Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using sulfuric. This process is important to convert free fatty acid ffa in oil to ester. Oilseed plants are used for the production of biodiesel through the process called transesterification reaction which is a process by which alcohol reacts with vegetable oil in the presence of. Pdf preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil via. Also waste oils and fats used cooking oils are used as a good feedstock, its costs approaches half of the cost of virgin oil4. Indias biodiesel processing capacity is estimated at 600,000 tons per year.
For waste cooking oil, after collection from homes, it is left for 24h to settle any solid residues, and then the oil is preheated at 80oc for 30min. To minimize the biofuel cost, in recent days waste cooking oil was used as feedstock. Nov 25, 2019 biodiesel is a diesel fuel that is made by reacting vegetable oil cooking oil with other common chemicals. The process of biodiesel made from waste cooking oil via acid catalyst was studied in order to eliminate the waste cooking oil pollution and realize the health of waste oil use. In this research, waste cooking oil is used as raw material with potassium hydroxide. In fact, our research group have been working in the use of waste cooking oils, to make soap and shampoo how an alternative of waste use in guaranda ecuador 16. Solid acid heterogeneous catalysts have a unique advantage in esterification and transesterification reactions which enhances the use of high acid value oil to be used as feedstock for synthesis of biodiesel. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil has three solutions those are economic, environmental and waste management 7,8,16,17. To determine ffa of sample and biodiesel, 1ml of oil and biodiesel were weighed in gm, then dispersed in 5ml diethylether solution followed by titration against 0. In this experiment the biodiesel will be made from fresh vegetable oil to avoid the solids and a titration to determine the mass of sodium hydroxide needed to react with the whole oil molecules. One of the ways to treat the waste oil is by converting to biodiesel.
Waste cooking oil was obtained from our college mess and utilized to prepare biodiesel. Under the basic transesterification conditions scheme 3, the free fatty acids become deprotonated. The first step is to esterify the ffa with methanol by acid catalysis. Gashaw and others published production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil and factors affecting its formation. Synthesis and characterization of biodiesel from waste. Moreover, the price of edible plant and vegetable oils is usually higher than petro diesel.
Catalysts used in this process are usually acids, base, and lipase. Optimization of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. Hence, a combined process with acid catalyzed pretreatment was developed to synthesize biodiesel from waste cooking oil. Recovery of waste cooking oil used in the biodiesel. No modifications are required, and the result is a lessexpensive, renewable, cleanburning fuel. Reusing of these waste greases can not only reduce the burden of the government in disposing the waste, maintaining public sewers and treating the oily wastewater, but also lower the production cost of biodiesel significantly. Recent strategy of biodiesel production from waste cooking. Biodiesel, transesterification, sunflower oil, waste cooking oil email. A twostep transesterification process was used to produce biodiesel alkyl ester from high free fatty acid ffa waste cooking oil. Preparation, characterization and application of zeolite. Ester content, calculated according with the modified method of en14214, equal to 97. In the present study, the transesterification of soybean oil into. Biodiesel synthesis was performed as transesterification of edible and waste cooking sunflower oil catalysed by free lipase from thermomyces lanuginosus lipolase 100l.
Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil via twostep. The parameters affecting biodiesel production process such as alcohol to oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, the presence of tetrahydrofuran thf as a cosolvent, and the volumetric flow rates of. Biodiesel produced from this method has a higher cost compared to fossil fuels. One of the effective methods for reducing the cost of biodiesel production is the use of low quality oils which are not suitable for human consumption and readily available such as waste cooking oil wco, animal fat and tall oil 4. Pdf production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil and. In the present study biodiesel was synthesized from waste cook oil wco by threestep method and regressive analyzes of the process was done. Production of biodiesel from waste vegetable oil via km. Additionally, the use of waste fried cooking oil wfco as a reactant for biodiesel plant helps in disposing this waste and reduction of feedstock production. The waste snail shell was screened to determine its efficiency as heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production via transesterification reaction. Preparation of biodiesel heat 250ml of the oil at 60o c to remove moisture content, by using heating mantle. Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil essay example. Acidcatalyzed preparation of biodiesel from waste vegetable oil. Transesterification is the commonly process that used widely compare to other process.
As this method becomes increasingly popular, accumulation of. Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil via twostep catalyzed process. Cost of biodiesel produced from virgin vegetable oil through transesterification is higher than that of fossil fuel, because of high raw material cost. Recycling of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production provides economic viability. A comparative study of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using sulfuric acid twostep and microwaveassisted transesterification onestep was carried out. This has played a pivotal role in lowering the production cost and reducing the demand for other nonrenewable sources of energy. Conversion of waste cooking oil to biodiesel 11 biodiesel feedstock competes with the use of land for food production. Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil and. Dec 12, 2019 biodiesel production from waste cooking oil has three solutions those are economic, environmental and waste management 7,8,16,17. As this method becomes increasingly popular, accumulation of waste generated from cooking oil also increases. Use a cooking thermometer to monitor the temperature. Nov 21, 20 calculation type of oil average volume ml weight of naoh required g wco unfiltered 4.
In the research presented herein, snail shell waste was used as catalyst for the production of the biodiesel process. Oil which has been used for cooking will required more of the reactive agents and methanol than fresh oil. Waste cooking oil provides a cheaper way of biodiesel production. For vegetable oil and biodiesel, contaminants must be removed before entering an engine. Injectors, pumps and pistonsseals will be ruined if large particles or the wrong fluids enter them. In todays world, oilfrying method is widely used due to the contribution of good taste, attractive colour and better presentation of the food.
Characterization of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production. Biodiesel may be used in any diesel automotive engine in its pure form or blended with petroleumbased diesel. Technoeconomic evaluation of biodiesel production from waste. The use of waste cooking oil as biodiesel feedstock reduces the cost of biodiesel production. In a modern society, oil is commonly used for the preparation of food. The researchers reported earlier on production and characterization of various biodiesel from sunflower oil, coconut oil, palm oil and waste cooking oil through a transesterification process 12.
Cooking oil is used in substantial quantity for food frying either in home, restaurants or in food industry. Whereas waste oils which have not any treatment first, will pollute the environment. The diesel engine was developed by rudolf diesel, a french thermal engineer, in 1893 with the. In this work, biodiesel ethyl ester was prepared from waste cooking oil collected from a local restaurant in halifax, nova scotia, canada. The production of biodiesel from used cooking oil begins with mixing raw materials of used cooking oil collected into one. Pdf in the present study biodiesel was synthesized from waste cook oil wco by threestep method and regressive analyzes of the process. However, the commercialization of biodiesel is difficult because of the use of highpriced vegetable oil in the manufacturing of biodiesel. The random mixer of different oil was used for biodiesel preparation. Heterogeneous catalysts have attracted great attention in recent. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil, obtained through the use of our immobilized lipase, after 24 h of synthesis, presents a linolenic methyl ester amount equal to 0. Preparation of waste cooking oil based biodiesel using.
Optimized biodiesel production from waste cooking oil wco. Dont use a gas burner for this or any other stage of the biodiesel creation process. You can also make biodiesel from waste cooking oil, but that is a little more involved, so lets start with the basics. Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by transesterification process using potassium hydroxide as catalyst. Wco was collected from local restaurant of sylhet city in bangladesh. It is prepared from waste vegetable oils and animal fats by transesterification process. The project focuses on the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil which will obtained from restaurants,hotels etc. Jan 16, 2020 the acceleration of the biodiesel glycerol separation has attracted the interest of many researchers in a quest to improve biodiesel production efficiency and reduce the overall production time. The optimum conditions of biodiesel made from waste cooking oil, effect of reaction time, alcohol oil ratio and catalyst dosage to the biodiesel conversion were. In this paper we use waste sunflower oil for biodiesel production through single stage trans esterification process. The acidcatalyzed method, although inherently slower than the basecatalyzed methods, does not suffer from the loss of product or the creation of emulsion producing soap that plagues the basecatalyzed methods when used with waste vegetable oil. These includes linseed oil, palm seed oil, waste cooked vegetable oil, sunflower seed oil, cotton seed oil, cooking seed oil and animal fats 7, 8, 9. Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil via two. Acidcatalyzed preparation of biodiesel from waste vegetable.
Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil essay. Pdf preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil via two. The influence factors of biodiesel preparation from waste. From a waste management standpoint, producing biodiesel from used frying oil is environmentally. Pour your used oil into a large, clean cooking pot and heat it to 95. Alternate fuels should be economically attractive in order to compete with currently used fossil fuels. Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using cao. Pdf synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil researchgate. The procedures that produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil, however, are complicated by free fatty acids that are present as a result of the hydrolysis of the triglyceride under the conditions used for cooking scheme 2.
All reactions are carriedout under atmospheric pressure and 1500 rpm of agitation. Transesterification and production of biodiesel from waste. Therefore, the food versus fuel debate can be avoided. Pdf production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by. Physicochemical analysis of waste cooking oil reveals the acid value 3. Preparation of biodiesel is carried out on the lab scale. Therefore, production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil is the best alternative and further studies need to be done on the characterization of waste cooking oil. But the main problem of using waste cooking oil is the existence of free fatty acid as the by product in transesterification process. F over an electric burner to make the oil easier to pour for filtration. It originates from the preparation of food in the cafeterias and can be harmful to the environment. Synthesis of biodiesel from secondused cooking oil sciencedirect. The oil used in biodiesel fuel production can be fresh clean oil or used waste oil that has been earlier used for frying as in this study.
The type of process that used to produce biodiesel is transesterification. The study focus on the physical and chemical properties of waste cooking oil wco, transesterification and production of biodiesel from wco. Microwaveassisted catalytic transesterification using bao and koh was evaluated for the. For trans esterification process we use naoh as catalyst. An improvement in biodiesel production from waste cooking oil by. As crude oil price reach a new high, the need for developing alternate fuels has become acute. Technoeconomic evaluation of biodiesel production from. Ethyl alcohol with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst was. Wco can be converted into biodiesel by transesterification 10,11,12.
Biodiesel is synthesized by direct transesterification. Since lipase catalysts are much expensive, the usage of lipase in biodiesel production is. Pdf biodiesel production from waste cooking oil researchgate. Free fatty acids will increase the time required for heating vegetable oil. The production of biodiesel from waste vegetable oils through its pretreatment followed by transesterification process in presence of methanol was investigated using a km micromixer reactor. Along this line, one of the alternative feedstock to produce biodiesel is waste cooking oil wco. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil intechopen. Abstractbiodiesel production from waste cooking oil was obtained using thermomyces lanuginosus tl lipase e. Waste cooking oil is one of the sources that can contributes to the water pollution. This undergraduate organic laboratory exercise involves the sulfuric acidcatalyzed conversion of waste vegetable oil into biodiesel. Waste cooking oil as an alternate feedstock for biodiesel. Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of bachelor of engineering in mechanical engineering submitted by ritesh shukla pankaj singh bais ciby ninanankush deshmukh under the guidance of prof.
Satputaley assistant professor of mechanical engineering academic year 201011 department of mechanical. Transesterification method gives lower yield than threestep method. Preparation of biodiesel from waste cooking oil and studythe effect on performance of diesel engine. It is alkali catalyzed reaction which involves waste cooking oil, methanol, and potassium hydroxide. The acceleration of the biodieselglycerol separation has attracted the interest of many researchers in a quest to improve biodiesel production efficiency and reduce the overall production time. Extraction of biodiesel from waste vegetable oil clean. The optimum conditions of biodiesel made from waste cooking oil, effect of reaction time, alcoholoil ratio and catalyst dosage to the biodiesel conversion were explored by using orthogonal experiment design. Pdf preparation of biodiesel from sunflower oil by. In this regard, waste cooking oil wco 17, 18 and waste animal fat 19,20 waf have been used as feedstock for biodiesel to avoid the use of cultivated land. Waste cooking oil is a potential replacement for vegetable oils in the production of biodiesel. These shortcomings are complemented by using waste cooking oil wco, which can substitute vegetable oil. In this regard the biodiesel fuel has been demonstrated to be successfully produced from waste.
Applications of waste cooking oil other than biodiesel. The term waste vegetable oil wvo refers to vegetable oil which has been used in food production and which is no longer viable for its intended use. Water impedes the biodiesel reaction resulting in only partial conversion of the oil to biodiesel. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil linkedin slideshare. Preparation of biodiesel for preparation of biodiesel in the lab alkali catalyzed transesterification is to be used. This preparation of biodiesel is very similar to one of the methods used commercially.